This is its usual process: Stimulus-Response-Reinforcement.
The aural-oral method is fit for the teaching of beginning stage. It focuses on the practice of oral English drills. But too many drills are being practiced without any context or given conditions. So what is learned is isolated clauses. And it has few communicative functions .
The two-way communication makes up for the defect in communicative ability in the traditional teaching. Two-way means the relationship of the communication between the teacher and the students.
This relationship is connected with the communicative activities between two people. This method is different from the traditional aural-oral method. But it also bases on the process of S-R-R. So we call it a mew type of aural-oral method has some peculiarities.
It can create a fresh environment for speaking English.
It needs some necessary explanations of Grammar, including some sentence structures.
Hints are the major way of practice.
Teachers can control the practice wholly or partly.
The practice can also be controled by students freely. The internal force of study is not due to the insterests in phonetic structure, but the content of the material.
To make the correct response, the students are asked to pay more attention.
Example:
Teacher: Ask me if I am a student.
Student: Are you a student?
T: Tell me-No, You're a teacher.
S: No, I'm a teacher.
In this example, "Ask me" means that the student must say a question sentence while "Tell me" shows that the student must say a decarative sentence. But before doing this, the teacher must explain something about the exchange of interrogative sentence and declarative sentence.
The two-way communication can lengthen the dialogue limitlessly. This is its advantage. At the same time, if the student wants to give the correct response, he has to think it hard, The sentence is not easily forgotten which is ereated by themselves through thinking, sometimes with the teacher's hint. You can talk freely. You can express yourself as well as you can. For example:
T: Ask me how mang people there are in my family.
S: how many people are there in your family?
T: Tell me-there are five
S: There are five
T: Ask me what my prreuts do.
S: What do your parents do?
T: tell me-your father is a teacher and your mother works in a company.
S: My father is a teacher and my mother words in a company.
T: Ask me if my father likes his job.
S: Does your father like his job.
T: Tell me - Sure, he likes teaching very much.
S: Sure, he likes teaching very much.
All these responses form a complete dialogue.
A: How many people are there in your family ?
B: There are five.
A: What do your parents do ?
B: My father is a teacher and my mother works in a company.
A: Does your father like his job ?
B: Sure, he likes teaching very much.
If you want to ask more about "father" or other family members, the dialogue can go on as far a possible.
So, in a word, the aural-oral method is not a out-of-date one, but a useful one. Especially it is fit for the beginning stage. It attaches the importance to the oral drills, and has a bad communicative function. It is only used to aphonetic base. After all, the aim of the language learning is to communicate. So the two-way comunication is more effective and direct, but it is also fit for the beginning stage.
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