选举公正的司法保障（三）——论负面竞选的审查标准(4)

  [20] 例如见Crow v. Bryan, 215 Ga. 661, 113 S.E.2d. 104.
  [21] 例如科罗拉多、乔治亚、爱阿华、肯萨斯、内布拉斯加、新泽西、犹他、肯塔基、明尼苏达、亚利桑纳、加利福尼亚、德拉华、印第安纳、蒙塔纳、内华达、俄勒岗、华盛顿和怀俄明等州，可参见1971年的明尼苏达州法典第209.02条、1973年的俄勒岗州法典第251.025条、1974年的蒙塔纳州法典第23－4763条。
  [22] Developments in the Law: Elections: VI. Postelection Remedies, 88 Harvard Law Review, at 1328－29.
  [23] George v. Municipal Election Commn of the City of Charleston, 335 S.C. 182, 516 S.E.2d 206 (1999), at 208.
  [24] 参见Wendy J. Keefer, Contesting Election Results in South Carolina, 12 South Carolina Lawyer 22 (2000).
  [25] McNally v. Tollander，100 Wis. 2d 490, 505, 302 N.W.2d 440 (1981), at 447.

  [26] 参见Clifford B. Levine and David J. Montgomery, Post-Election Litigation in Pennsylvania, 41 Duquesne University Law Review 153 (2002).
  [27] Petition to Set Aside Special Election in Thirty-second Senatorial Dist., 15 Pa. D. & C.2d 271 (1956), at 290.
  [28] Morganroth Election Contest, 50 Pa. D. & C. 143 (1942), at 172.
  [29] Feld v. Prewitt, 274 Ky. 306, 118 S.W.2d 700 (1938), at 703.

  [30] Clapp v. Joint Sch. Dist. No. 1, 21 Wis. 2d 473, at 475, 124 N.W.2d 678, at 680 (1963).
  [31] Fish v. Redeker, 2 Ariz. App. 602, 411 P.2d 40 (1966).
  [32] Thomas v. Marcin, 51 Ill. App. 3d 82, 83-84, 366 N.E.2d, 416, 416-17 (1977).
  [33] 参见Developments in the Law: Elections: VI. Postelection Remedies, 88 Harvard Law Review, at 1330.
  [34] Michelle L. Robertson, Winning at All Costs: Election Fraud in the Third Circuit: Marks v. Stinson, 40 Villanova Law Review 869 (1995).

  [35] Cipriano v. City of Houma, 395 U.S. 701 (1969); City of Phoenix v. Kolodziejski, 399 U.S. 204 (1970).
  [36] Bell v. Southwell, 376 F.2d 659 (5th Cir. 1967).
  [37] Butler v. Town of Edgefield, 328 S.C. 238, 245, 493 S.E.2d 838 (1997), at 842.
  [38] Greene v. South Carolina Election Commn, 314 S.C. 449, 453, 445 S.E.2d 451 (1994), at 453.
  [39] Olsen v. Cooper, 24 S.W.3d 608 (Tex. App. 2000), at 610.
  [40] In re Coles Election, 72 A. 510 (Pa. 1909).
  [41] In re Contest of Election of Gollmar, 175 A. 510 (Pa. 1934).
  [42] Id. at 513.

  [43] 参见In re Opening of Ballot Box, 600 A.2d 956 (Pa. 1991).
  [44] In re General Election of Nov. 4, 1975, 71 Pa. D. & C.2d 68 (1975).
  [45] In re Petition to Contest the General Election for District Justice, 695 A.2d 476, 483-84 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1997).
  [46] Carlson v. Oconto County Bd. of Canvassers, No. 00-CV-85 (Oconto County Cir. Ct. May 26, 2000).
  [47] 2001 WI App. 20, 240 Wis. 2d 438, 623 N.W.2d 195 (2000).
  [48] Sarah LeCloux, Too Close to Call? Remedying Reasonably Uncertain Ballot Results with New Elections, 2001 Wisconsin Law Review 1541 (2001), at 1543－1545.

  [49] Finkelstein and Robbins, Mathematical Probability in Election Challenges, 73 Columbia Law Review 241, 242 (1973).
  [50] 参见Reich v. Dist. Lodge 720, Intl Assn of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, AFL-CIO, 11 F.3d 1496 (9th Cir. 1993), at 1500, 1572－1574.
  [51] 例如见Rubens v. Hodges, 837 S.W.2d 465 (Ark. 1992), at 468.
  [52] State ex rel. Wold v. Hanson, 87 Wis. 177, 58 N.W. 237 (1894).
  [53] 参见Holton v. Hollingsworth, 514 S.E.2d 6 (Ga. 1999).

  [54] Application of Moffat, 361 A.2d 74 (N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. 1976), at 78.
  [55] Akizaki v. Fong, 461 P.2d 221 (Haw. 1969)；比较Akaka v. Yoshina, 935 P.2d 98 (Haw. 1997), at 103.
  [56] In re Election of Nov. 6, 1990 for the Office of Attorney Gen. of Ohio, 569 N.E.2d 447 (Ohio 1991), at 450.
  [57] 见Olsen v. Cooper, 24 S.W.3d 608 (Tex. App. 2000).
  [58] 见Vacco v. Spitzer, 685 N.Y.S.2d 583 (N.Y. Sup. Ct. 1998).
  [59] Walsh v. Rogillio, 768 So. 2d 653 (La. App. 1 Cir. 2000); In re Election of U.S. Representative for Second Cong. Dist., 653 A.2d 79 (Conn. 1994).

  [60] State ex rel. Wold v. Hanson, 87 Wis. 177, 179, 58 N.W. 237 (1894).
  [61] State ex rel. Schuetz v. Luy, 103 Wis. 524, 79 N.W. 776 (1899); State ex rel. Pelishek v. Washburn, 223 Wis. at 602-03, 270 N.W. at 544; Lanser v. Koconis, 62 Wis. 2d 86, 214 N.W.2d 425 (1974).
  [62] In re Election of Nov. 6, 1990 for the Office of Attorney Gen. of Ohio, 569 N.E.2d 447 (Ohio 1991), at 450.
  [63] 见Olsen v. Cooper, 24 S.W.3d 608 (Tex. App. 2000).

  [64] Application of Moffat, 361 A.2d 74 (N.J. Super. Ct. App. Div. 1976).
  [65] Helm v. State Election Bd., 589 P.2d 224 (Okla. 1979), at 228.
  [66] Developments in the Law: Elections: VI. Postelection Remedies, 88 Harvard Law Review 1298 (1975), at 1317-23.

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