作者:李宝莉,吴东兵,陈雅慧,王廷慧
【关键词】 ,眩晕;,中医分型;,血液流变学
Hemorheology and serum lipid and sugar changes in vertigo of different traditional Chinese medical types
【Abstract】 AIM: To observe the hemorheology, serum lipid and sugar changes in vertigo patients of 4 different traditional Chinese medical (TCM) types based on different symptoms and signs. METHODS: Totally 434 vertigo cases were divided into 4 TCM types: the liver yang ascension (LYA), the internal retention of phlegm and dampness (IROPAD), the insufficiency of kidney essence (IOKE), and the qi and blood deficiency (QABD). The hemorheology, serum lipid and sugar changes of the above types were observed. RESULTS: In the LYA, IROPAD and QABD patients, whole blood viscosity, ESR, Hct, fibrinogen, dry weight of thrombus, triglyceride and serum sugar levels were significantly higher than those of the normal people (P<0.05), but serum level of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower than that of the normal (P<0.05). The QABD patients showed obviously decreased Hct and increased ESR (P<0.05). Compared with the other types, whole blood viscosity and Hct of the IROPAD patients increased significantly (P<0.05); the IOKE patients showed obviously increased serum sugar (P<0.05); whole blood viscosity and Hct in the QABD patients decreased, but their ESR increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There are statistical differences in hemorheology, serum lipid and sugar level between vertigo patients and normal people. The changes in the above indexes are different in the 4 TCM types of vertigo patients.
【Keyworks】 vertigo; differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine types; hemorheology
【摘要】 目的:观察眩晕中医分型的血液流变性、血脂和血糖的变化. 方法:将434例眩晕患者分为肝阳上亢、痰浊中阻、肾精不足、气血亏虚4型, 观察不同中医分型的眩晕患者的血液流变性、血脂和血糖的变化. 结果:肝阳上亢、痰浊中阻、肾精不足型眩晕患者全血粘度、血沉、纤维蛋白原、血栓干重、甘油三酯和血糖等指标升高,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇则降低(P<0.05),痰浊中阻型患者的红细胞压积、血清总胆固醇升高(P<0.05);而气血亏虚型患者RBC压积降低,血沉增快(P<0.05). 各型之间尤以痰浊中阻型患者的全血粘度与RBC压积增加较其它各型有统计学意义(P<0.05);肾精不足型患者血糖增加有统计学意义(P<0.05);气血亏虚型患者全血粘度与RBC压积降低、血沉增快有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论:眩晕患者与正常人的血液流变性、血脂和血糖水平呈现统计学差异,不同中医分型眩晕患者的上述指标亦有所不同.
【关键词】 眩晕;中医分型;血液流变学
0 引言
眩晕症发病机制尚未完全明确. 中医认为凡六淫外袭,痰浊内停,精血亏虚,血瘀阻窍等均可促成眩晕发作. 《素问・至真要大论》的“诸风掉眩,皆属于肝”表明眩晕多与肝相关;《灵枢・口问》则强调气虚而作眩;张仲景在《金匮要略・痰饮篇》中指出眩晕与“心下有痰饮”相关;《丹溪心法》更有“无痰不作眩”之论;《景岳全书》又有“无虚不能作眩”之说. 我们对临床已确诊为眩晕的434例患者,在中医分型的基础上进行血液流变学及血脂、血糖分析,为进一步阐明其发病机制与血液流变性、血脂和血糖的关系,为临床辨证施治提供依据.
1 对象和方法
1.1对象
以眩晕为主诉的患者434(男220,女214)例,其中高血压病116例,更年期综合症90例,冠心病87例,颈椎病43例,内耳眩晕症29例,突发性耳聋5例,窦性心动过缓11例,糖尿病19例,其它疾病患者34例;年龄21~78(平均47)岁;病程1 mo~10 a,另选健康正常人126例作对照. 根据眩晕证临床表现辨证分为4型:肝阳上亢型(n=46),痰浊中阻型(n=206),肾精不足型(n=140),气血亏虚型(n=42). 结合现代临床分析以及眩晕的病因病机,当以中气不足、肾精不足、髓海不足为本,以虚为本. 以肝阳上亢、肝风内动为标,以风、痰、火、瘀兼证为标,以实为标.
1.2方法
取清晨空腹肘静脉血8 mL,于25℃ 4 h内由专人测定. 采用成都仪器厂生产的NXEI型锥板式粘度计测量全血粘度(ηb),血浆粘度(ηp);温氏法测量血沉(ESR),红细胞压积(Hct);硫酸铵比浊法测量纤维蛋白原(Fib);采用Chandler法测量体外血栓长度(TL)及干重(DWT), 仪器选用中国科学院传感技术开发公司生产的体外血栓形成和血小板粘附两用仪;血清总胆固醇(TCH),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL),葡萄糖(Glu)均采用温州东瓯生物工程有限公司生产的体外诊断试剂测定.
统计学处理: 数据均以x±s表示, 采用SPSS 11.5统计分析软件, 两组间比较用t检验/多组间比较用方差分析及LSDt检验, 检验水准设为P<0.05(双侧).