【摘要】 目的前瞻性研究成人Ⅱ级以上脑胶质瘤患者术后同步放化疗的疗效。 方法1999年9月~2003年5月收治80例成人Ⅱ级以上脑胶质瘤术后患者,随机分成两组,各40例。①单纯放疗组,行单纯放疗,DT50~60 Gy;②同步放化疗组,给予与单纯放疗组相同的放疗方法,同时于DT20 Gy后行同步替尼泊甙(VM26)联合司莫司汀(MeCCNU)化疗, 于放疗开始后4~6个月内完成4~6周期化疗。结果术后同步放化疗组1、3、5年生存率分别为85.00%、52.50%、30.00%,优于术后单纯放疗组的62.50%、27.50%、15.00%(χ2=5.07,P=0.024)。按不同病理分级进行比较,Ⅲ级脑胶质瘤同步放化疗的生存率明显优于单纯放疗(χ2=3.96, P=0.047),而Ⅱ级和Ⅳ级脑胶质瘤上述两种疗法的生存率无差异。结论成人Ⅲ级脑胶质瘤患者术后外照射20 Gy后行同步MV方案化疗,预后优于术后单纯放疗;对于Ⅳ级脑胶质瘤患者,其术后化疗方法以及放化疗结合方式仍需要探讨;成人Ⅱ级脑胶质瘤术后可以不必给予放化疗联合治疗。
【关键词】 脑;胶质瘤;放射治疗;化学治疗
Abstract:Objective To prospectively study the survival of adult patients with grade Ⅱ~Ⅳ cerebral gliomas received radiochemotherapy postoperatively. MethodsFrom sept. 1999 to may 2003, 80 adult postoperative patients with grade Ⅱ~Ⅳ cerebral gliomass were treated and divided into two groups randomly,each had 40 cases. One group(RT group) was irradiated with DT50~60 Gy merely and the other (RCT group) combined with chemotherapy(VM26 and MeCCNU) after DT20 Gy and 4~6 cycles of chemotherapy were delivered within 4~6 months. ResultsThe 1, 3, and 5 year survival rate of patients of RCT group was 85.00%、52.50%、30.00% while the survival rate of RT group was 62.50%、27.50%、15.00%, respectively. The difference of the survival rates between two groups was significant(χ2=5.07,P=0.024). Based on pathological grades,however,it was suggested that only the patients with grade Ⅲ gliomas of RCT group had better prognosis than ones of RT group (χ2=3.96, P=0.047).The similar results were not found in patients with grade Ⅱ or Ⅳ gliomas. ConclusionGiven concurrent radiochemotherapy postoperatively, the survival could be improved in adult patients with grade Ⅲ gliomas. And the data suggested that VM26 combined with MeCCNU should be an effective chemotherapeutic scheme. AS to grade Ⅳ gliomas, more novel chemotherapeutic methods shoud be studied. The patients with grade Ⅱ gliomas needn’t receive chemotherapy besides postoperative radiotherapy.
Key words:Cerebral glioma;Radiotherapy;Chemotherapy
0引言
原发性脑肿瘤中约60%为胶质瘤,脑胶质瘤治疗首选手术,但对于病理分级Ⅱ级以上肿瘤,往往由于难以彻底切除而需要辅助放化疗,以提高疗效。目前,Ⅱ级胶质瘤术后放疗后是否需要联合化疗仍有争论,而Ⅲ、Ⅳ级胶质瘤大多主张术后放化疗,但术后放疗时机、化疗药物的选择以及放化疗联合方式尚无定论。1999年9月~2003年5月间我院收治Ⅱ级以上脑胶质瘤术后成人患者80例,给予单纯术后放疗或同步放化疗联合治疗,以观察不同病理分级脑胶质瘤术后联合放化疗的疗效。
1资料和方法
1.1入组条件及分组 ①经手术肉眼全切,或部分切除肿瘤者;②术后病理诊断为胶质瘤Ⅱ、Ⅲ或Ⅳ级;③Karnofsky评分≥60分;④年龄18周岁以上;⑤无明显放化疗禁忌证且同意接受放化疗联合治疗;⑥完成全程治疗且资料基本完整;⑦对符合入组条件病例采用信封法,随机分为两组:单放组(单纯放疗组)与联合组(同步放化疗组)。
1.2临床资料 两组共80例患者均经手术治疗,其临床资料见表1,经统计分析两组具有可比性。
表180例患者的一般临床资料(略)
1.3治疗方法 ①单纯放疗组:均于术后2~4周内开始放疗,给予6MV X线局部照射(CT或MRI所示肿瘤病灶水肿区外2~3cm,DT50 Gy后缩至1~2cm), DT50~60 Gy,25~30次,5~6周,常规分割;②同步放化疗组:术后放疗时机及方法同单纯放疗组。同时,于外照射20 Gy后行同步化疗,方案均为MV,即VM26(替尼泊甙)200mg/m2,d1~3分3天静滴、MeCCNU(司莫司汀)100mg/m2,d4~5分两天口服;VM26每4周重复1次,MeCCNU每8周重复1次,于放疗开始后4~6个月内完成4~6周期化疗。
1.4随访情况 单纯放疗或同步放化疗后,第1年每3个月随访一次,第2年起每半年随访一次,随访至今。单放组与联合组分别有1例、4例截尾值,总删失率为6.25%。
1.5统计学方法 数据采用SPSS12.0统计软件分析。KaplanMeier法计算生存率,LogRank检验差异,其余数据为χ2检验。